1
Assess the current risk situation
The first step involves identifying and understanding the security risks faced by the organization. The likelihood of their occurrence and the potential impact if they materialize can be evaluated. The result is a sort of risk map covering the entire organization.2
Set security objectives for the organization
Often, companies move forward with this step without having completed the previous one. However, to set clear security objectives, it is essential first to understand the risks. The objectives should cover different aspects: prevention (anticipating attacks), detection (identifying when a risk materializes), and recovery (ensuring that damage is minimized in the event of an incident).3
Define concrete actions
With the objectives already defined, the next step is to identify the specific actions needed to achieve them. What might these actions include? Implementation of specific systems, incorporation of controls, staff training, review of infrastructure, among many others.4
Review security policies
Threats are dynamic. Decisions about cybersecurity must be as well. It is essential to review security policies at this stage to ensure they are up to date. This means they are effective based on the identified risks, aligned with the established objectives, and enable the decided actions.5
Create a risk management plan
A detailed outline of how the organization will identify, evaluate, and respond to risks. Among other things, responsibilities, monitoring and control processes, and contingency actions should be defined.6
Define a cybersecurity culture within the organization
This is perhaps one of the key steps. All members of the organization must be aware of the risks and the importance of cybersecurity to combat them. Defining the culture involves training, use of specific awareness tools, and promoting best practices among all employees.7
Implement the cybersecurity plan
It's time to get to work. Allocate resources, carry out the decided actions, build the necessary structures, implement solutions, establish training programs, and execute all defined actions.8
Evaluate the cybersecurity plan
As mentioned, risks and threats are dynamic. Therefore, it is crucial to periodically review the plan. This ensures that it remains effective and adapts to changes in both the context and the organization itself. Various strategies are used for this, including security audits and penetration tests.